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Big Tech, also known as the Tech Giants, Big Four, or Big Five, is a name given to the four or five largest, most dominant, and most prestigious companies in the information technology industry of the United States. The Big Four consist of Alphabet (Google), Amazon, Apple, and Meta (Facebook) — with Microsoft completing the Big Five.The tech giants are the dominant players in their respective areas of technology, namely: e-commerce, online advertising, consumer electronics, cloud computing, computer software, media streaming, artificial intelligence, smart home, self-driving cars, and social networking. They have been among the most valuable public companies globally, each having had a maximum market capitalization ranging from around $1 trillion to around $2 trillion. They are additionally considered to be among the most prestigious and selective employers in the world.Big Tech companies typically offer services to millions of users, and thus can hold sway on user behavior as well as control of user data. Concerns over monopolistic practices have led to antitrust investigations from the Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission in the United States, and the European Commission. Commentators have questioned the impact of these companies on privacy, market power, free speech and censorship, and national security and law enforcement. It has been speculated that it may not be possible to live in the digital world day-to-day outside of the ecosystem created by the companies.Broader groupings of Big Tech may also include Netflix and Twitter. The concept of Big Tech is analogous to the consolidation of market dominance by a few companies in other market sectors such as Big Oil.